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Surge protection devices SPDs

 
Energy Storage
Last Post by Transparent 2 months ago
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Batpred
 Batpred
(@batpred)
Prominent Member Member
Joined: 1 year ago
Posts: 874
Topic starter 28/02/2026 7:21 pm   [#2857]

The IET's "electricians rulebook" BS7671 mentions the use of these types of devices to protect both the CU devices and electrical appliances from surges induced by lightening. Manufacturers of consumer units with SPDs need to comply with BS7671 534.4.6

Why would this be particularly relevant to renewable energy, you may ask?

When installing a renewable energy additions like a battery storage system or solar PV, consumers may want to ensure the rest of their electrical installation is robust to cope with current risks and new ones related to the introduction of the devices. Often they will use the opportunity to replace their CU, despite it being strictly compliant or not.

@transparent suggested this deserves a separate thread. 

So there are different views about how a CU manufacturer is expected to provide the SPD capability. @transparent shared this discussion on IET´s forum about this topic. 

A key question is whether the SPD device should be protected by an MCB (and if a CU with an SPD protected by a standard MCB is providing adequate protection from surges). 

Some RHH forum members shared examples of different designs of SPD CUs:

  • The SPD in my consumer unit (Fusebox pink SPD) is direct to busbar, relying on the DNO fuse for protection, the previous model (Fusebox orange SPD) required MCB protection.
  • The question of an MCB upstream of an SPD has always intrigued me but reading up on the topic has given some insights regards how the 'instantaneous' trip mechanism of the MCB might deal with high frequency, high voltage transients.
  • The main 100A CU we had installed about a year ago (from Contactum) does not have an MCB protecting the SPD. But the SPD is next to the main CU isolator!

Worth reproducing a photo of a consumer unit from a forum member to exemplify that "questionable" design.  

14360 IMG0511

Below I reproduce a description to help anyone less familiar with it. 

The 100A Main Switch is on the right, correctly labelled.

It supplies a row of 18 RCBOs. Each RCBO provides two types of protection to the circuit it feeds:

  • over-current protection; just as with a fuse, the circuit gets switched off if too much current is drawn
  • earth-leakage protection; if the current returning on the neutral wire is 30mA (or more) different to that being supplied on the live wire, the circuit switches off

At the far left-end of the Consumer Unit is a yellow anti-surge device.

 

I could ask some questions about the design but more experienced members would do it better! 

My post is also looking to: 

  • help future readers that discover that the CU in their home has this type of design decide what they can do.
  • identify anything that could be done to enable and influence improvements in CU designs currently in the market. 

My thanks also to @trebor12345 @ga3_usr @jancold for their contributions


8kW Solis S6-EH1P8K-L-PLUS hybrid inverter; G99: 8kw export; 16kWh Seplos Fogstar battery; Ohme Home Pro EV charger; 100Amp head, HA lab on mini PC


   
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trebor12345
 trebor12345
(@trebor12345)
Estimable Member Member
Joined: 2 years ago
Posts: 150
28/02/2026 8:08 pm  

I have added to this post the inside of the CU that Batpred has referenced above (it might be of help):

IMG 3613
IMG 3612

From my side I am still working with my installer on defining the precise specification of the RCD to be fitted.


Hitachi Yutaki SCombi Heat Pump
(Indoor Unit ) RWD-3.0RW1E-220S-K
(Outdoor Unit) RAS-3WHVRP1

2024 build bungalow, Southern england, 179 m2, 14w/m2
Underfloor heating all fully open
7KW heat pump
50 litre buffer tank (4 port)
3.6KW solar panels


   
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Transparent
 Transparent
(@transparent)
Famed Member Moderator
Joined: 4 years ago
Posts: 3187
01/03/2026 12:08 pm  

@trebor12345 - your original Topic about the right type of fuse for your heat-pump is still 'live' but now renamed to Surge Protection Devices.You and @batpred can add the above observations to the end of that discussion.

All we've done as Moderators is to remove the posts which went back and forth with misinterpretations of the different types of Residual-Current trips.


Save energy... recycle electrons!


   
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