UK Heat Pump Problems: A Complaint Process That's Irreparably Broken
For years, the UK government has told the public that heat pumps are central to decarbonising homes. Billions of pounds of public money have been channelled through schemes such as RHI, BUS and ECO4, underwritten by certification bodies that promised assurance, competence and consumer protection.
What happens when that system doesn’t work?
An extensive cache of documents, call recordings, technical reports and regulatory correspondence shared with Renewable Heating Hub suggests that, in this detailed and well-evidenced recent case, the safeguards designed to protect homeowners failed at every stage. These are issues we have repeatedly raised over several years, and this case (one of the most comprehensively documented we have reviewed) indicates that despite sustained warnings, little has changed. The oversight system remains ineffective, with the bodies tasked with enforcing standards appearing either unwilling or unable to intervene.
The material is so extensive, and the allegations so serious, that the homeowner has formally framed the matter not as a dispute, but as a whistleblowing disclosure. That disclosure was submitted directly to senior figures at the Microgeneration Certification Scheme (MCS), including its Chief Executive, Ian Rippin.
At the time of writing, the case remains unresolved.
The installation in question was funded under ECO4, the government-backed programme intended to reduce fuel poverty and accelerate the rollout of low-carbon heating. Like many households targeted by the scheme, the homeowner placed trust in the assurances provided by accredited installers and certification marks that promised compliance with rigorous standards.
According to the evidence reviewed, that trust was misplaced.
The documentation indicates that, prior to installation, no compliant heat pump design pack was provided. There was no room-by-room heat loss calculation to BS EN 12831-1, no declared design flow temperature, no emitter schedule and no pre-sale performance estimate compliant with MCS 031, despite definitive claims being made about running costs and system performance.
Those documents are not optional. They sit at the heart of MIS 3005-D, the standard governing heat pump design and installation. Without them, there is no auditable basis on which a system can be said to be correctly specified.
Yet the installation proceeded.
What followed was a cascade of problems. Heat emitters were replaced on multiple occasions. Heat loss calculations were revised repeatedly (in one instance increasing by more than 60 per cent long after installation) fundamentally altering the assumptions under which the system had been sold. Performance fell significantly short of what had been promised on the MCS certificate issued at commissioning.
At the same time, a solar PV installation carried out as part of the same project later revealed serious structural issues with the roof. Independent assessments indicated pre-existing defects that should have triggered further investigation before panels were mounted. Instead, the property suffered severe consequential damage, narrowly avoiding catastrophic failure.
None of this is disputed as opinion. It is documented in reports, photographs, emails and call transcripts.
The most troubling aspect of the case is not the technical failure itself, but what happened next.
The homeowner pursued every route available. Complaints were raised with the installer, with scheme administrators, with consumer codes, with ADR bodies and with certification organisations. When those processes stalled, the homeowner escalated further.
In September 2025, a formal whistleblowing disclosure was sent to MCS compliance and enforcement, copied to multiple public-interest bodies and addressed directly to Ian Rippin. It set out, in precise detail, alleged breaches of MIS 3005-D, MCS 031, MIS 3002, MCS 012 and MCS 001, the very rules MCS exists to uphold.
The letter did not ask for mediation. It demanded enforcement.
It requested the appointment of a named case officer, the preservation of records, an independent technical review and interim risk controls, including possible suspension of certification pending investigation. It set deadlines. It warned of escalation to DESNZ, Ofgem, the ICO, Parliament and the media if meaningful action did not follow.
What appears to have happened instead is silence, delay and deflection.
Despite the scale of the evidence and the seriousness of the allegations, the homeowner reports no substantive enforcement outcome. No transparent investigation. No independent technical determination. No clear accountability.
In effect, the system absorbed the complaint and carried on, something that we have seen time and time again with other homeowners.
This case matters because it is not isolated.
Over the past five years, Renewable Heating Hub has been contacted by hundreds of homeowners who describe a similar pattern: serious installation failures, inflated performance claims, regulatory ping-pong and, ultimately, no resolution.
Installers point to certification. Certification bodies point to ADR. ADR schemes focus on procedural compliance rather than technical reality. Meanwhile, public money has already been released, warranties are expiring and homeowners are left with systems that do not perform as sold.
In private, even industry professionals acknowledge the problem. Oversight bodies lack enforcement teeth. Certification has become transactional. And once funding has been paid, the incentive to act evaporates.
It is in this context that Rachel Reeves’ Autumn 2025 Budget withdrew funding for ECO in its existing form. Officially, the reason was value for money. Unofficially, it is hard to escape the conclusion that the scheme became politically indefensible.
One of the least discussed failures exposed by this case is the gap between promised and actual heat pump efficiency.
MCS certificates routinely project SCOPs of 3.5 or higher in accordance with manufacture data. In the real world, many homeowners report figures closer to 2.7, or worse. In the case examined here, documented energy data indicates a SCOP barely exceeding 2.2.
That difference is not academic. It translates directly into higher bills, reduced comfort and financial distress, particularly for households drawn into retrofit schemes on the promise of affordability.
If performance certificates are optimistic at best, and misleading at worst, and there is no effective mechanism to challenge them, the entire assurance framework collapses.
It would be convenient to treat this as an unfortunate one-off. The evidence suggests otherwise.
The homeowner in this case did everything the system asked of them. They documented concerns early. They engaged constructively. They appear to have escalated properly. They supplied evidence. They invoked whistleblowing protections. They appealed to senior leadership.
The system still failed them.
That failure raises questions for MCS, TrustMark and the wider certification ecosystem. These bodies are not trade associations. They are entrusted with safeguarding public funds and consumer outcomes. When credible allegations of systemic non-compliance are presented, the expectation is decisive action... not procedural containment.
The silence is telling.
Renewable Heating Hub is not a court, a regulator or an ombudsman. We do not determine guilt. But we do know when a system designed to protect homeowners is not functioning. We have seen it happen so many times.
This article is published because the evidence exists, the oversight mechanisms appear exhausted and public confidence in low-carbon heating is being eroded behind closed doors.
The transition to clean heating depends not just on technology, but on trust. Right now, that trust is severely damaged and is only getting worse.
Editor’s note
This article is published in the public interest and is based on documentary evidence, contemporaneous correspondence, technical reports and first-hand testimony provided to Renewable Heating Hub. It reflects the experience and perspective of the homeowner involved and raises wider questions about the effectiveness of current consumer protection and enforcement mechanisms within publicly funded retrofit schemes. The homeowner does not wish to be named at this time due to ongoing legal cases.
Renewable Heating Hub is not a regulator, adjudicator or legal authority. We do not determine liability, fault or intent. Our role is to provide a platform for evidence-led scrutiny of systems that affect homeowners, public confidence and the use of public funds.
MCS was invited to respond to the issues raised in this article prior to publication. The following statement was provided and is reproduced in full, unedited:
MCS was first made aware of this case in February 2025, when the householder made contact with our Customer Support Helpdesk. By this point, the case was already in dispute and had been through ADR (Alternative Dispute Resolution) following engagement between the householder, the installer and their Consumer Code, HIES.
MCS exists to give everyone confidence in home-grown energy and takes its role protecting consumers very seriously. However, it is important to note that MCS is not accredited to perform dispute resolution, which meant we could not take this case on. There had also been material changes made to the property by the householder since the original design works (including the heat load calculation) had been submitted, which meant that we could not accurately review the installation against the proposed work.
We have worked with all parties involved, including the householder, installer, HIES and the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero to outline our role and support through ongoing communication.
Get a copy of The Ultimate Guide to Heat Pumps
Subscribe and follow our YouTube channel!
Hi Mars - thanks so much for posting this.
Let me clarify MCS' response. MCS were made aware of detailed technical claims in direct breach of their standards. They know that HIES are limited in their powers and not an end destination. HIES did not devise an accurate heat loss as part of their own remit, which focussed solely on the heat pump, rather than installer negligence that led me to having to replace my roof, alone, unskilled, in the wettest winter on record.
There has been no advocacy, care, or support, of any kind.
When I pleaded for the most basic courtesy of a phone call. Or to simply 'hear' my evidence or situation, they refused. Detailed email history is available, togethe with a Subject Access Request, further showing that MCS immediately requested a call with the installer, received their evidence, failed to analyse my own, and took their word at face value.
I am not alone. Many others have reported MCS' flagrant disregard for their own standards.
Which competent oversight body ignores the plight of a vulnerable homeowner and accepts blindly and without technical assessment, the assertions of a highly dubious installer, leaving the homeowner without any form of resolution save for the courts.
Please see here for more insight as to the installer in question. https://nature-society.org/the-collapse-of-consumer-energy-solutions-a-systemic-failure-hidden-in-plain-sight/
I invite MCS to engage in technical evidence and a site visit, rather than their own immediate commercial interest.
@mcs-do-better, thank you for taking the time to add this clarification and for doing so publicly and constructively.
What your comment underlines, and what concerned us most when reviewing your evidence, is not simply the technical failings of a single installation, but the absence of meaningful advocacy or resolution once things went wrong. As you’ve set out, the complaint process appears to have narrowed prematurely, with complex and interconnected issues treated in isolation rather than as part of a wider pattern of installer conduct and system failure.
I find the complaint process has been designed to wear people down.
You are also right to point out that you are not alone. We continue to hear from many homeowners who describe similar difficulties navigating complaint routes, particularly where responsibility is fragmented across installers, consumer codes and certification bodies. There are hundreds of cases that echo this across of our forums.
I also want to make it clear that the article (and your comment) are not about opposing heat pumps. They are about ensuring that confidence in the technology is not undermined by poor practice, weak oversight or a lack of accountability when things go wrong.
Get a copy of The Ultimate Guide to Heat Pumps
Subscribe and follow our YouTube channel!
Hi Mars - thanks so much for posting this.
Let me clarify MCS' response. MCS were made aware of detailed technical claims in direct breach of their standards. They know that HIES are limited in their powers and not an end destination. HIES did not devise an accurate heat loss as part of their own remit, which focussed solely on the heat pump, rather than installer negligence that led me to having to replace my roof, alone, unskilled, in the wettest winter on record.
Heat loss figures were allegedly misrepresented by the installer, who showed uninsulated walls to have been insulated, in order to avoid regulatory scrutiny. I posess full documentation and call recordings in evidence of these claims.
MCS offered no advocacy, care, or support, of any kind.
When I pleaded for the most basic courtesy of a phone call. Or to simply 'hear' my evidence or situation, they refused. Detailed email history is available, together with a Subject Access Request, further showing that MCS immediately requested a call with the installer, received their evidence, failed to analyse my own, and took their word at face value.
Following HIES' involvement, the installer failed to install radiators in no less than 5 of the habitable rooms. Needless to say, the system could not possibly have been re-commissioned to MCS' standards. Frankly, a 5 year old knows the difference between radiator or no radiator - insulation or no insulation - heat or no heat. MCS made no such assessment.
I am not alone. Many others have reported MCS' flagrant disregard for their own standards.
Which competent oversight body ignores the plight of a vulnerable homeowner and accepts blindly and without technical assessment, the assertions of a highly dubious installer, leaving the homeowner without any form of resolution save for the courts.
It is worth noting that the installer's central argument - that they were excluded from having to properly commission a heating system given that they had damaged my roof so severely that I had altered it structurally. It has since transpired that the installer allegedly engaged in RdSAP misrepresentation, resulting in a materially higher grant payment, including misrepresentation of the size of the property as per its state at the start of the install. My home has been all but ruined and remains as such to this day.
If any inspectors / quality assessors are out there and wish to pop by, please do!!!
I invite MCS to engage in technical evidence and a site visit, rather than their own immediate commercial interest.
Please see here for more insight as to the installer in question. https://nature-society.org/the-collapse-of-consumer-energy-solutions-a-systemic-failure-hidden-in-plain-sight/
Thank you Mars - there is nothing in the comment I will not stand by - whether in a court of law, or in any official statement. I admire you for taking the time to influence this dire state of affairs for the better.
I’m also looking for a avenue to Raise a complaint, our system has leaked from day one most of the time it’s not worked at all in the 3 years it been installed.when it has managed to run it consumes huge amounts of electric , insulation has introduced damp to our walls , electrical work undertaken is dangerous , it’s bern a complete nightmare from start to finish
@mcs-do-better, quite honestly, I’m deflated by how dreadful and ineffective the complaint process is. MCS are promising that this will be improved in MCS 2.0 and I have been asking for nearly a year about their new process and they just keep ignoring me.
I’ve also publicly voiced that MCS should refund £7,500 to the government for each failed install. We’d see how quickly standards would improve if that happened.
There a lot of excellent and good installs out there, but the bad ones are really bad, and it’s scandalous that there’s no recourse for consumers when systems get botched.
Get a copy of The Ultimate Guide to Heat Pumps
Subscribe and follow our YouTube channel!
The sad thing is Mars, when you send this post to MCS, they will do as all good 'assurance' bodies do. Ignore, silence, suppress, deflect, deny. When they could simply, engage, listen, improve, be humble, be curious, deploy empathy; and, in the extreme...possibly even seek to enforce the standards they preside over.
I am quite interested in your dealings with HIES. I did a podcast with them and they were very confident that most cases that came before them were sorted out in favour of homeowners. I’m still to meet a homeowner that has had the assistance of MCS or one of the consumer codes (HIES or RECC) in getting a poor install fixed. Would be good to hear more on that…
Also, were you then deflected onto any of the certification bodies?
Get a copy of The Ultimate Guide to Heat Pumps
Subscribe and follow our YouTube channel!
Given my fact busting RdSAP 98 achieving install (my house is 200 years old) thanks so much for publishing this experience which very much echo's my own.
Unlike support offered so far elsewhere thanks to Renewable Heating Hub my ECO4 install was improved (DHW SCOP from 1.7 to 3.4, Heating SCOP 1.2 to1.9 - it would have been much more if the heating was remotely effective).
IE. Given well informed professional advice (such as that of RHH members) the ASHP tech is remarkable, however it is fallible and can be completely undermined by morons.
Over the past year we have been referred from pillar to post.
Given the state of regulation any ASHP install should come with a health warning.
“In order to get any regulatory action engagement with: CEO of a Certification Scheme; the entire board of directors of a Consumer Code; CEO & Membership Director of the current Certification Scheme; the entire board of directors of a Certification Body; CEO of a national Accreditation Body; Corporate Services Director of the Chartered Trading Standards Institute; Lord & Vice Chairman for Consumer Protection (APPG); Chairman of the Energy Security and Net Zero Committee; Chancellor of the Exchequer; CEO of OFGEM; the Parliamentary Under- Secretary of State DESNZ; the Secretary of State DESNZ; the Secretary of State for Business and Trade; your MP; Action Fraud; OFGEM Counter Fraud; and the entirety of Parliamentary Accounts Committee over the course of the following year will be required.”
Whilst it would be nice to compartmentalise the problems we’ve experienced into an ECO4 problem, the majority of issues were within the regulatory system of the industry itself. At the top of which now sits the MCS who, in our experience, was the worst offender.
In my case MCS: ignored my concerns that ZERO documentation had been provided and did nothing for 6 months (MCS internal case files confirm my complaint was repeatedly closed having taken no action until we emailed CEO Ian Rippin); then seemingly explained they did nothing anyway; before apparently defending the necessity for a bucket of water in my loft (as undocumented but by design) enabling such cutting edge technology (oversized ASHP x3 undersized and 1 missing rad was later confirmed); then stating the installer couldn’t be expected to predict the number of solar panels installed due to the unpredictable nature of the sun (MCS policy apparently); confirming they have no involvement with PAS2035 (bodes well for WHP); before finally sending me someone else’s personal data in response to our SAR.
Thankfully all involved seem relatively indifferent to the consequences of their actions. It is Fraud after all and can be evidenced at your request.
HIES overall are good but limited. They are the only accrediting body to have reached out proactively to seek improvement, which I was impressed and reassured by. The reality is, complex cases require on the ground technical resources and where health risks are concerned, clear instruction / ultimatum to installers. Heat should be a non-negotiable under a scheme designed to provide affordable heat. This statement seems obvious, however, in ECO4, the power sits with the installers and the bodies that protect them over the needs of often-vulnerable homeowners.
Posted by: @mcs-do-betterThe sad thing is Mars, when you send this post to MCS, they will do as all good 'assurance' bodies do. Ignore, silence, suppress, deflect, deny. When they could simply, engage, listen, improve, be humble, be curious, deploy empathy; and, in the extreme...possibly even seek to enforce the standards they preside over.
Why do they not get replaced by NICEIC, assuming they want to get into it? I found that they are effective. Perhaps what they regulate is not as complex, certainly it is less varied, but the "product" that they sell is also bound to be less valuable...
Perhaps the monopoly should be reduced in chunks, like first they loose any certificates for electric energy storage - tenuous value, then the PV bits, etc. Would the first thing not be to make sure the country owns some of these base standards? Unless they are more widely applicable..
8kW Solis S6-EH1P8K-L-PLUS hybrid inverter; G99: 8kw export; 16kWh Seplos Fogstar battery; Ohme Home Pro EV charger; 100Amp head, HA lab on mini PC
-
The Myth of the MCS Performance Guarantee
3 weeks ago
-
Flexi-Orb Heat Pump Scheme: A Game-Changer for the UK's Heat Pump Industry
3 months ago
-
Flexi-Orb Heat Pump Scheme Update: Progress, Pilots and Why This Matters for Homeowners
4 months ago
-
Why Your MCS-Certified Installer Might Not Be As Competent As You Think
8 months ago
- 27 Forums
- 2,475 Topics
- 56.9 K Posts
- 401 Online
- 6,165 Members
Join Us!
Worth Watching
Latest Posts
-
RE: If a heat pump can only heat DHW to 50C then what? Issue with 18KW Heliotherm heat pump
Hi, Nothing yet. I've asked customer to measure flow...
By errmm , 4 hours ago
-
RE: High Temp Heat Pumps for fast warm-up of house
I don't know exactly how long it takes to heat up (and ...
By JamesPa , 5 hours ago
-
RE: Need help maximising COP of 3.5kW Valiant Aerotherm heat pump
OK. What Im seeing looks fairly normal TBH: 1 start ...
By JamesPa , 6 hours ago
-
RE: Vaillant Tech Support Flagged Low DT: UFH Return Cold, Suspected Zero Flow
@editor thanks for the tips which I will try before cal...
By DavidB , 7 hours ago
-
RE: Daikin 6kw setup with Dixell controller
@jamespa Many thanks for your reply, a very detailed an...
By CraigH , 7 hours ago
-
RE: Exploring the role of alternative clean heating solutions - Government Consultation
Despite reservations, I found some time to respond to t...
By Rusty , 8 hours ago
-
RE: New Vaillant aroTherm Plus in black - When will it come to the UK?
@crankplus, nope, still not, and I've followed up with ...
By Mars , 8 hours ago
-
RE: Octopus Cosy Heat Pump Owners & Discussion Thread
@agentgeorge Probably, but temperature change at -10 ha...
By AndrewJ , 9 hours ago
-
RE: External wall insulation - your experience
To be clear, my experience was very positive. The journ...
By Batpred , 11 hours ago
-
@foxesfan Re: ‘Servicing’ as @editor has covered in his...
By Toodles , 11 hours ago
-
RE: A Smarter Smart Controller from Homely?
@benson No idea why mine doesn’t work, all I see on ...
By Papahuhu , 11 hours ago
-
RE: Battery sizing - How low can you go!
It seems I am seeing something similar to what you do, ...
By Batpred , 12 hours ago
-
RE: Gaslighting in the heat pump industry – has anyone else experienced this?
Don’t know if this is relevant to this thread, but my A...
By Gruff2001 , 13 hours ago
-
RE: Bosch CS5800i 5kW - Experience So Far
@majordennisbloodnok While getting Home Assistant runni...
By Steelbadger , 1 day ago
-
RE: MCS - BS EN 12831-1:2017 – Heat Loss Survey
Since May 2025 it no longer a requirement in England to...
By JamesPa , 1 day ago
-
RE: Air source heat pump roll call – what heat pump brand and model do you have?
Forum Handel @jancold Manufacturer: Daikin Model: E...
By Jancold , 1 day ago
-
RE: Octopus Cosy 12 Heat Pump Regret: Incredibly Loud, Poor Heating & Constant Hum - Help!
@harriworld it was roughly 3am for an hour as that’s ...
By L2jad , 1 day ago
-
RE: Hoped for improvements not being realised on my Mitsubishi heat pump
I have been wondering that myself. The fact is that, ...
By JamesPa , 1 day ago
-
RE: Filtering Tap Water – Share Your Setup for Cleaner, Better-Tasting Water
I remember when I was in my early 20s I was introduced ...
By Majordennisbloodnok , 1 day ago
-
RE: Setback savings - fact or fiction?
But if it is recorded an an integer, which it seems it ...
By cathodeRay , 2 days ago


