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Kev-M's ASHP Performance

Kev M · 2021-11-08T07:23:06Z

I've started this new thread after starting this process off here I've had the ASHP since April 2021. Some details of the process of choosing, installing, etc. are here I'm doing this to see if I can make my ASHP run more efficiently. By that I mean more cheaply, while still keeping the house warm. I'm not unhappy with the system now; it does a really good job of heating the house and hot water but being cheaper and using less energy is always better. My system is a 14kW Mitsubishi Ecodan running 15 radiators. It was all new at installation, specified via MCS heat loss calculations. The house is a 150m2 1990s bungalow. Heating requirement on EPC is about 20,000 kWh/year although I suspect that is an overestimate. I have two zones, controlled by ESI wireless thermostats. As recommended and set up by the supplier, I've been running the system on the weather compensation setting. I've also been using the thermostat to control the zone temps like you would with a gas boiler; turning them down at night and during the day and up in the morning and evening. In terms of comfort, the ASHP does this very well; it heats up the house remarkably quickly. I have MMSP so I can see minute by minute energy consumed, radiator flow temps and outside temp. It's not quite working properly so I can't see energy delivered or COP. The first step in my plan is to control the system using weather compensation and bypass the thermostats. But before I do that, this is how energy consumption looks using the thermostats and the weather compensation curve I was left with. The two graphs are for 24 hrs 5/11/21. You can see the frost protection overnight, the thermostats kicking in morning and evening and the HW in the middle of the day. Definitely not the slow, steady output ASHPs are said to be suited to. Both power and flow temps are up and down a lot; on the other hand, it's using no power at all a lot of the time. Total ASHP energy consumed was 30.6kWh. The weather compensation curve is 50C flow at 0C and 20C flow at 20C.

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Air Source Heat Pumps (ASHPs)

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Kev M

(@kev-m)

Noble Member Member

Joined: 6 years ago

Posts: 1276

Topic starter 20/03/2022 9:01 am

The next round is to try and use weather compensation and thermostats together. Here’s what happened.

The theory is that setting a compensation curve that would normally make the house a few degrees too warm and limiting it by on/off thermostats will reduce cycling while keeping the house at a steady temperature. The aim is to get something like the below 45 deg set flow but with lower flow temps. Although even this didn't prevent all cycling.

Ambient 13C, Thermostats 45C Flow. 15kWh

But what actually happens is the weather compensation and thermostats just end up getting in each other's way. The thermostat causes ons and offs but in between there is a lot of cycling. This is because the ASHP will stop heating when either the thermostat temp (21 deg in my case) or the weather comp flow temp is reached and won’t start until the thermostat calls for heat and the weather comp flow temp is low. So the thermostat calls for heat and the ASHP starts heating. But the target flow temp is reached before the thermostat set temp, so the ASHP stops, even though the thermostat is still calling for heat. The flow (and the house) cool down a bit then the ASHP kicks in again. And repeats this until the thermostat set temp is eventually reached, at which time the ASHP stops, whether or not its flow temp is reached. The house then cools from 21.5 deg or so to 20.5 deg or so, the thermostat calls for heat and does it all again.

The below graph illustrates the above. You can see the 5am start up, the steady state running, the gaps when the thermostats switch the ASHP off and the 3pm DHW peak. There are only four periods of ASHP heating but these all include as much cycling as letting the ASHP run constantly.

The obvious way to stop the cycling is to increase the flow temp so that it requires a high enough output/flow, a bit like the fixed flow above. To get this to work the compensation curve is going to have to be very flat, not a million miles from the fixed flow.

But does it matter? Cycling for me is about twice an hour or so and in these conditions my COP is good. This was a warmish day using weather compensation only. I’d rather get the cold weather performance right...

But I like tinkering so I have now bumped up the warm end of the curve so that it’s 42 @ -2 and 33 at 20 and the thermostats are controlling the room temp. I'll report back.

👍

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Kev M

(@kev-m)

Noble Member Member

Joined: 6 years ago

Posts: 1276

Topic starter 22/03/2022 11:02 am

This is what happened. There is almost no cycling. The outside temp was 0-12C. Is it better/cheaper? The house temperature varies more, which isn't as good. I don't know if it's cheaper but I suspect there won't be much in it. Although there are periods when the ASHP is off, the flow temp is several degrees higher than it needs to be. It's interesting to see the COP is low at very low ASHP consumption. This is because the ASHP itself is slightly less efficient at very low outputs and also because with the way COP is measured in my set up, the consumed energy is everything; the pumps, FTC controller the immersion (if it's used) and these are running all the time the ASHP is.